---
title: Esther 9:10 (JPS 1917) — the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew t… · tree and pragmatics
description: the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand. Who acts: ten sons, sons. Esther 9:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 9:10 · JPS 1917

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the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.

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**Who acts:** ten sons, sons · **What happens:** slay, not lay · **To what, where:** Jews, hand, spoil

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This is Esther 9:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ten sons, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:155
# text = the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews' enemy, slew they; but on the spoil they laid not their hand.
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Hammedatha	Hammedatha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	'	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
26	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slay** | past | the ten sons of Haman | Jews *= jew* |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **lay** | past | sons *= son* | sons's hand |  | the spoil |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on spoil=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עֲ֠שֶׂרֶת בְּנֵ֨י הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא צֹרֵ֥ר הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים הָרָ֑גוּ וּבַ֨בִּזָּ֔ה לֹ֥א שָׁלְח֖וּ אֶת־יָדָֽם׃

[Esther 9:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:155` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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