---
title: Esther 9:14 (JPS 1917) — And the king commanded it so to be done; and a decree was given out… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the king commanded it so to be done; and a decree was given out in Shushan; and they hanged Haman's ten sons. Who acts: king, sons. Esther 9:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 9:14 · JPS 1917

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And the king commanded it so to be done; and a decree was given out in Shushan; and they hanged Haman's ten sons.

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**Who acts:** king, sons · **What happens:** command, do, give out, hang · **To what, where:** petition, decree, Shushan, ten sons · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 9:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:160
# text = And the king commanded it so to be done; and a decree was given out in Shushan; and they hanged Haman's ten sons.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	decree	decree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Shushan	Shushan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	hanged	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
23	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	_
24	's	's	PART	POS	_	23	case	_	_
25	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **command** | past | the king | petition |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent it=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | the king *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **give out** | past · passive |  | a decree |  | Shushan |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **hang** | past | sons *= son* | Haman's ten sons |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ לְהֵֽעָשׂ֣וֹת כֵּ֔ן וַתִּנָּתֵ֥ן דָּ֖ת בְּשׁוּשָׁ֑ן וְאֵ֛ת עֲשֶׂ֥רֶת בְּנֵֽי־הָמָ֖ן תָּלֽוּ׃

[Esther 9:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:160` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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