---
title: Esther 3:5 (JPS 1917) — And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor prostrated hims… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor prostrated himself before him, then was Haman full of wrath. Who acts: Haman, Mordecai. Esther 3:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 3:5 · JPS 1917

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And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor prostrated himself before him, then was Haman full of wrath.

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**Who acts:** Haman, Mordecai · **What happens:** see, not bow down, prostrate, be · **To what, where:** Mordecai · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 3:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Haman, Mordecai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:52
# text = And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not down, nor prostrated himself before him, then was Haman full of wrath.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	Mordecai	Mordecai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	bowed	bow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	not	not	ADV	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	12	cc	_	_
12	prostrated	prostrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	12	obj	_	_
14	before	before	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	20	advmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Haman |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **bow down** | past | Mordecai |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **prostrate** | past | Mordecai *not said here* | Mordecai |  |  | before Mordecai |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | Haman |  |  |  | then | of wrath; full *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיַּ֣רְא הָמָ֔ן כִּי־אֵ֣ין מָרְדֳּכַ֔י כֹּרֵ֥עַ וּמִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה ל֑וֹ וַיִּמָּלֵ֥א הָמָ֖ן חֵמָֽה׃

[Esther 3:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:52` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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