--- title: Esther 3:12 (JPS 1917) — Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirt… · tree and pragmatics description: Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirteenth day thereof, and there was written, according to all that Haman commanded, unto the king's satraps, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the princes of every people; to every province according to the wri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.59/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/3/) / [3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.12/) / JPS 1 # Esther 3:12 · JPS 1917 Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirteenth day thereof, and there was written, according to all that Haman commanded, unto the king's satraps, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the princes of every people; to every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and it was sealed with the king's ring. **Who acts:** Haman, governors · **What happens:** call, write, accord, command, be, seal · **To what, where:** scribes, province, silver, name, king Ahasuerus · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Esther 3:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Haman, governors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EST:59 # text = Then were the king's scribes called in the first month, on the thirteenth day thereof, and there was written, according to all that Haman commanded, unto the king's satraps, and to the governors that were over every province, and to the princes of every people; to every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language; in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and it was sealed with the king's ring. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 7 advmod _ _ 2 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 6 scribes scribe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 11 amod _ _ 11 month month NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 on on ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 thirteenth thirteenth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ 17 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 20 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 22 expl _ _ 21 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux:pass _ _ 22 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 26 case _ _ 25 to to ADP IN _ 24 fixed _ _ 26 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 22 obl _ _ 27 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 obj _ _ 28 Haman Haman PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 acl:relcl _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 31 unto unto ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod:poss _ _ 34 's 's PART POS _ 33 case _ _ 35 satraps satrap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 governors governor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 41 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 45 nsubj _ _ 42 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 43 over over ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 45 det _ _ 45 province province NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 acl:relcl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 48 to to ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 princes prince NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 conj _ _ 51 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 53 det _ _ 53 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 50 nmod _ _ 54 ; ; PUNCT : _ 57 punct _ _ 55 to to ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 57 det _ _ 57 province province NOUN NN Number=Sing 80 obl _ _ 58 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|VerbForm=Ger 61 case _ _ 59 to to ADP IN _ 58 fixed _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 writing writing NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 nmod _ _ 62 thereof thereof ADV RB _ 61 advmod _ _ 63 , , PUNCT , _ 67 punct _ _ 64 and and CCONJ CC _ 67 cc _ _ 65 to to ADP IN _ 67 case _ _ 66 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 67 det _ _ 67 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 61 conj _ _ 68 after after ADP IN _ 70 case _ _ 69 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 70 nmod:poss _ _ 70 language language NOUN NN Number=Sing 67 nmod _ _ 71 ; ; PUNCT : _ 80 punct _ _ 72 in in ADP IN _ 74 case _ _ 73 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 74 det _ _ 74 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 80 obl _ _ 75 of of ADP IN _ 77 case _ _ 76 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 77 compound _ _ 77 Ahasuerus Ahasuerus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 74 nmod _ _ 78 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 80 aux:pass _ _ 79 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 80 nsubj:pass _ _ 80 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 parataxis _ _ 81 , , PUNCT , _ 85 punct _ _ 82 and and CCONJ CC _ 85 cc _ _ 83 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 85 nsubj:pass _ _ 84 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 85 aux:pass _ _ 85 sealed seal VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 80 conj _ _ 86 with with ADP IN _ 90 case _ _ 87 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 88 det _ _ 88 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 90 nmod:poss _ _ 89 's 's PART POS _ 88 case _ _ 90 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 85 obl _ _ 91 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** *speech: assert* | past · passive | | the king's scribes | | | then; day; month | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 2 | **write** | past · passive | | | | there | | accord all; unto the king's satraps and the governors and the princes of every people | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V» | | 3 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **command** | past | Haman | | | | | | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | | 5 | **is** | past | the governors | | | every province | | | tree rules | | 6 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **write** | past · passive | | silver | | the name of king Ahasuerus | | to every province accord the writing and every people after people's language | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in name=Destination | | 8 | **seal** | past · passive | | silver | | | | with the king's ring | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with ring=Instrument | | 9 | **name** | | | king Ahasuerus | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּקָּרְאוּ֩ סֹפְרֵ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֣ר יוֹם֮ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה הָמָ֡ן אֶ֣ל אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵֽי־הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ וְֽאֶל־הַפַּח֞וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ עַל־מְדִינָ֣ה וּמְדִינָ֗ה וְאֶל־שָׂ֤רֵי עַם֙ וָעָ֔ם מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹ בְּשֵׁ֨ם הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ נִכְתָּ֔ב וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [Esther 3:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:59` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Esther 3:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.58/) - next →: [Esther 3:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.60/) - ↑ back to [Esther 3:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.12/)