---
title: Esther 4:10 (JPS 1917) — Then Esther spoke unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai: · tree and pragmatics
description: Then Esther spoke unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai: Who acts: Esther. Esther 4:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 4:10 · JPS 1917

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Then Esther spoke unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai:

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**Who acts:** Esther · **What happens:** speak, give · **To what, where:** message, Hathach · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 4:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Esther), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:72
# text = Then Esther spoke unto Hathach, and gave him a message unto Mordecai:
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Hathach	Hathach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	iobj	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Mordecai	Mordecai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Esther |  |  |  | then | unto Hathach | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **give** | past | Esther *not said here* | a message | Hathach |  |  | unto Mordecai | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient message=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתֹּ֤אמֶר אֶסְתֵּר֙ לַהֲתָ֔ךְ וַתְּצַוֵּ֖הוּ אֶֽל־מָרְדֳּכָֽי׃

[Esther 4:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:72` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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