--- title: Esther 4:16 (JPS 1917) — 'Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and f… · tree and pragmatics description: 'Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day; I also and my maidens will fast in like manner; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law; and if I perish, I perish.' Who acts: you, Jews --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.78/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Esther](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST/4/) / [4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.16/) / JPS 1 # Esther 4:16 · JPS 1917 'Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day; I also and my maidens will fast in like manner; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law; and if I perish, I perish.' **Who acts:** you, Jews, ye, I, king · **What happens:** go, gather, be, fast, eat, drink · **To what, where:** Jews, Shushan, like manner This is Esther 4:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Jews, ye, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EST:78 # text = 'Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day; I also and my maidens will fast in like manner; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law; and if I perish, I perish.' 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Go go VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 gather gather VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 5 together together ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 8 det:predet _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 Jews Jew PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 9 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 10 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 11 present present ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 acl:relcl _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Shushan Shushan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 fast fast VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 17 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 nsubj _ _ 18 for for ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 23 cc:preconj _ _ 23 eat eat VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 24 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 25 cc _ _ 25 drink drink VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 26 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 or or CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 33 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 34 also also ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 maidens maiden NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 conj _ _ 38 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 fast fast VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 like like ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 42 amod _ _ 42 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 43 ; ; PUNCT : _ 48 punct _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 45 so so ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 46 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 48 aux _ _ 47 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 nsubj _ _ 48 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 39 conj _ _ 49 in in ADP RP _ 48 compound:prt _ _ 50 unto unto ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ _ 53 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 54 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 60 nsubj _ _ 55 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 60 cop _ _ 56 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 60 advmod _ _ 57 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 60 case _ _ 58 to to ADP IN _ 57 fixed _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 acl:relcl _ _ 61 ; ; PUNCT : _ 68 punct _ _ 62 and and CCONJ CC _ 68 cc _ _ 63 if if SCONJ IN _ 65 mark _ _ 64 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 65 nsubj _ _ 65 perish perish VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 68 advcl _ _ 66 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 67 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 68 nsubj _ _ 68 perish perish VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 69 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 70 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **gather** | infinitive | you *not said here* | all Jews | | | | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jew=Theme | | 3 | **is** | present | all Jews | | | Shushan | | present *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **fast** | infinitive | ye | | | | | for me | tree rules | | 5 | **eat** | infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **drink** | infinitive | you *not said here* | | | | day | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **fast** | future | I | | | like manner | | | tree rules | | 8 | **go in** | future | I | | | | | unto the king | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 9 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **not** **is** | present | the king | | | | | accord the law | tree rules | | 11 | **perish** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | I | | | | | | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 12 | **perish** | present | I | | | | | | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לֵךְ֩ כְּנ֨וֹס אֶת־כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים הַֽנִּמְצְאִ֣ים בְּשׁוּשָׁ֗ן וְצ֣וּמוּ עָ֠לַי וְאַל־תֹּאכְל֨וּ וְאַל־תִּשְׁתּ֜וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת יָמִים֙ לַ֣יְלָה וָי֔וֹם גַּם־אֲנִ֥י וְנַעֲרֹתַ֖י אָצ֣וּם כֵּ֑ן וּבְכֵ֞ן אָב֤וֹא אֶל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־כַדָּ֔ת וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר אָבַ֖דְתִּי אָבָֽדְתִּי׃ [Esther 4:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:78` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Esther 4:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.77/) - next →: [Esther 4:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.79/) - ↑ back to [Esther 4:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.4.16/)