---
title: Esther 5:5 (JPS 1917) — Then the king said: 'Cause Haman to make haste, that it may be done… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the king said: 'Cause Haman to make haste, that it may be done as Esther hath said.' So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared. Who acts: king, Haman, Esther. Esther 5:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 5:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the king said: 'Cause Haman to make haste, that it may be done as Esther hath said.' So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king, Haman, Esther · **What happens:** say, cause, make, do, come, prepare · **To what, where:** Haman, haste, banquet · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 5:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Haman, Esther), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:85
# text = Then the king said: 'Cause Haman to make haste, that it may be done as Esther hath said.' So the king and Haman came to the banquet that Esther had prepared.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
8	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	haste	haste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
24	So	so	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	banquet	banquet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	obj	_	_
34	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	32	acl:relcl	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed hedge=0

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cause** | infinitive |  | Haman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | Haman *not said here* | haste |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset haste=Product |
| 4 | **do** | may · passive |  | haste |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | Esther |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **come** | past | the king and Haman |  |  | the banquet |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to banquet=Initial\_Location |
| 7 | **prepare** | past · perfect | Esther | the banquet |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מַהֲרוּ֙ אֶת־הָמָ֔ן לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת אֶת־דְּבַ֣ר אֶסְתֵּ֑ר וַיָּבֹ֤א הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְהָמָ֔ן אֶל־הַמִּשְׁתֶּ֖ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשְׂתָ֥ה אֶסְתֵּֽר׃

[Esther 5:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.5.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:85` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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