---
title: Esther 1:10 (JPS 1917) — On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine,… · tree and pragmatics
description: On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Bizzetha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that ministered in the presence of Ahasuerus the king, Who acts: heart, king, seven chamberlains. Esther 1:10 in JPS 1917 with 
---

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# Esther 1:10 · JPS 1917

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On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Bizzetha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that ministered in the presence of Ahasuerus the king,

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**Who acts:** heart, king, seven chamberlains · **What happens:** be, command, minister · **To what, where:** Mehuman, presence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 1:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart, king, seven chamberlains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:9
# text = On the seventh day, when the heart of the king was merry with wine, he commanded Mehuman, Bizzetha, Harbona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and Carcas, the seven chamberlains that ministered in the presence of Ahasuerus the king,
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	seventh	seventh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	merry	merry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	advcl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	Mehuman	Mehuman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Bizzetha	Bizzetha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	Harbona	Harbona	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Bigtha	Bigtha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	Abagtha	Abagtha	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	Zethar	Zethar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	Carcas	Carcas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	37	nummod	_	_
37	chamberlains	chamberlain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	appos	_	_
38	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
39	ministered	minister	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	acl:relcl	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	Ahasuerus	Ahasuerus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	appos	_	_
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the heart of the king |  |  |  |  | with wine; merry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **command** | past | king | Mehuman and Bizzetha and Harbona and Bigtha and Abagtha and Zethar and Carcas |  |  | day |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent mehuman=Theme |
| 3 | **minister** | past | the seven chamberlains |  |  | the presence of Ahasuerus |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י כְּט֥וֹב לֵב־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ בַּיָּ֑יִן אָמַ֡ר לִ֠מְהוּמָן בִּזְּתָ֨א חַרְבוֹנָ֜א בִּגְתָ֤א וַאֲבַגְתָא֙ זֵתַ֣ר וְכַרְכַּ֔ס שִׁבְעַת֙ הַסָּ֣רִיסִ֔ים הַמְשָׁ֣רְתִ֔ים אֶת־פְּנֵ֖י הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ׃

[Esther 1:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:9` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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