---
title: Ezra 4:7 (JPS 1917) — And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Aramaic character, and set forth in the Aramaic tongue. Ezra 4:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Ezra 4:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Aramaic character, and set forth in the Aramaic tongue.

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**What happens:** write, set · **To what, where:** Bishlam, writing, Aramaic character, Aramaic tongue, letter

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This is Ezra 4:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZR:102
# text = And in the days of Artaxerxes wrote Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his companions, unto Artaxerxes king of Persia; and the writing of the letter was written in the Aramaic character, and set forth in the Aramaic tongue.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Artaxerxes	Artaxerxes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	Bishlam	Bishlam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Mithredath	Mithredath	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Tabeel	Tabeel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	Artaxerxes	Artaxerxes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	Aramaic	Aramaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	conj	_	_
42	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
45	Aramaic	Aramaic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past |  | Bishlam and Mithredath and Tabeel and the rest of rest's companions |  |  | day | unto Artaxerxes's king of Persia | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bishlam=Theme |
| 2 | **write** | past · passive |  | the writing of the letter |  | the Aramaic character |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in character=Destination |
| 3 | **set** | participle |  |  |  | the Aramaic tongue |  | forth *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in tongue=Destination |
| 4 | **write** |  |  | the letter |  |  |  |  | nom writing «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבִימֵ֣י אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֗שְׂתָּא כָּתַ֨ב בִּשְׁלָ֜ם מִתְרְדָ֤ת טָֽבְאֵל֙ וּשְׁאָ֣ר כְּנָוֺתָ֔יו עַל־אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרָ֑ס וּכְתָב֙הַֽנִּשְׁתְּוָ֔ן כָּת֥וּב אֲרָמִ֖ית וּמְתֻרְגָּ֥ם אֲרָמִֽית׃פ

[Ezra 4:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZR:102` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ezra 4:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.101/)
- next →: [Ezra 4:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.103/)
- ↑ back to [Ezra 4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.7/)