--- title: Ezra 4:14 (JPS 1917) — Now because we eat the salt of the palace, and it is not meet for us… · tree and pragmatics description: Now because we eat the salt of the palace, and it is not meet for us to see the king's dishonour, therefore have we sent and announced to the king, Who acts: we, us, king. Ezra 4:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.109/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/4/) / [4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.14/) / JPS 1 # Ezra 4:14 · JPS 1917 Now because we eat the salt of the palace, and it is not meet for us to see the king's dishonour, therefore have we sent and announced to the king, **Who acts:** we, us, king · **What happens:** eat, not be, see, send, announce, dishonour · **To what, where:** salt, dishonour, king This is Ezra 4:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, us, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZR:109 # text = Now because we eat the salt of the palace, and it is not meet for us to see the king's dishonour, therefore have we sent and announced to the king, 1 Now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 because because SCONJ IN _ 4 mark _ _ 3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 advcl _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 palace palace NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 expl _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 14 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 15 advmod _ _ 15 meet meet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 16 for for SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 17 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod:poss _ _ 22 's 's PART POS _ 21 case _ _ 23 dishonour dishonour NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 26 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 sent send VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 announced announce VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 conj _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | present | we | the salt of the palace | | | now | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Patient | | 2 | **not** **is** | present | we *not said here* | | | | | meet *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **see** | to-infinitive | us | the king's dishonour | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dishonour=Stimulus | | 4 | **send** | present · perfect | we | | | | | therefore *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **announce** *speech: other* | participle | we *not said here* | | the king | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to king=Recipient | | 6 | **dishonour** | | the king | | | | | | nom dishonour «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew} כְּעַ֗ן כָּל־קֳבֵל֙ דִּֽי־מְלַ֤ח הֵֽיכְלָא֙ מְלַ֔חְנָא וְעַרְוַ֣ת מַלְכָּ֔א לָ֥א אֲ‍ֽרִֽיךְ לַ֖נָא לְמֶֽחֱזֵ֑א עַ֨ל־דְּנָ֔ה שְׁלַ֖חְנָא וְהוֹדַ֥עְנָא לְמַלְכָּֽא׃ [Ezra 4:14: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.14/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZR:109` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezra 4:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.108/) - next →: [Ezra 4:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.110/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 4:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.14/)