---
title: Ezra 8:15 (JPS 1917) — And I gathered them together to the river that runneth to Ahava; and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I gathered them together to the river that runneth to Ahava; and there we encamped three days; and I viewed the people, and the priests, and found there none of the sons of Levi. Who acts: I, river, we. Ezra 8:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ezra 8:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And I gathered them together to the river that runneth to Ahava; and there we encamped three days; and I viewed the people, and the priests, and found there none of the sons of Levi.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, river, we · **What happens:** gather, run, encamp, view, find · **To what, where:** males, Ahava, people, none

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This is Ezra 8:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, river, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZR:204
# text = And I gathered them together to the river that runneth to Ahava; and there we encamped three days; and I viewed the people, and the priests, and found there none of the sons of Levi.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	runneth	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Ahava	Ahava	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
16	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	encamped	encamp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	viewed	view	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
33	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	32	advmod	_	_
34	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Levi	Levi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | I | males *= male* |  |  |  | to the river; together *property* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent they=Patient to river=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **run** | present | the river |  | Ahava |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to ahava=Result |
| 3 | **encamp** | past | we |  |  | there | day |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **view** | past | I | the people and the priests |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus |
| 5 | **find** | past | I *not said here* | none |  | there |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָֽאֶקְבְּצֵ֗ם אֶל־הַנָּהָר֙ הַבָּ֣א אֶֽל־אַהֲוָ֔א וַנַּחֲנֶ֥ה שָׁ֖ם יָמִ֣ים שְׁלֹשָׁ֑ה וָאָבִ֤ינָה בָעָם֙ וּבַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים וּמִבְּנֵ֥י לֵוִ֖י לֹא־מָצָ֥אתִי שָֽׁם׃

[Ezra 8:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZR:204` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Ezra 8:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.15/)