--- title: Ezra 8:31 (JPS 1917) — Then we departed from the river of Ahava on the twelfth day of the f… · tree and pragmatics description: Then we departed from the river of Ahava on the twelfth day of the first month, to go unto Jerusalem; and the hand of our God was upon us, and He delivered us from the hand of the enemy and lier-in-wait by the way. Who acts: we, hand, Jerusalem. Ezra 8:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.220/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ezra](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR/8/) / [8:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.31/) / JPS 1 # Ezra 8:31 · JPS 1917 Then we departed from the river of Ahava on the twelfth day of the first month, to go unto Jerusalem; and the hand of our God was upon us, and He delivered us from the hand of the enemy and lier-in-wait by the way. **Who acts:** we, hand, Jerusalem · **What happens:** depart, go, be, deliver · **To what, where:** river, us, hand This is Ezra 8:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, hand, Jerusalem), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EZR:220 # text = Then we departed from the river of Ahava on the twelfth day of the first month, to go unto Jerusalem; and the hand of our God was upon us, and He delivered us from the hand of the enemy and lier-in-wait by the way. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 advmod _ _ 2 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 departed depart VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Ahava Ahava PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 on on ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 twelfth twelfth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 16 amod _ _ 16 month month NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 20 unto unto ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 Jerusalem Jerusalem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 upon upon ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 conj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 34 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 delivered deliver VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 36 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 from from ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 40 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 enemy enemy NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 44 lier lier NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 compound _ _ 45 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 48 punct _ _ 46 in in ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 46 punct _ _ 48 wait wait NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 conj _ _ 49 by by ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ _ 52 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **depart** | past | we | | | the river of Ahava | then; day | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from river=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **go** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* | | | | | unto Jerusalem | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is** | past | the hand of our God | | | | | upon us | tree rules | | 4 | **deliver** | past | Jerusalem | us | | the hand of the enemy and lier wait by the way | | | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent we=Theme from hand=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַֽנִּסְעָ֞ה מִנְּהַ֣ר אַֽהֲוָ֗א בִּשְׁנֵ֤ים עָשָׂר֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֔וֹן לָלֶ֖כֶת יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְיַד־אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ הָיְתָ֣ה עָלֵ֔ינוּ וַיַּ֨צִּילֵ֔נוּ מִכַּ֥ף אוֹיֵ֛ב וְאוֹרֵ֖ב עַל־הַדָּֽרֶךְ׃ [Ezra 8:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.31/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZR:220` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ezra 8:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.219/) - next →: [Ezra 8:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EZR.221/) - ↑ back to [Ezra 8:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.8.31/)