---
title: Ezra 9:7 (JPS 1917) — Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto thi… · tree and pragmatics
description: Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to spoiling, and to confusion of face, as it is this day. Who acts: we, face.
---

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# Ezra 9:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to spoiling, and to confusion of face, as it is this day.

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**Who acts:** we, face · **What happens:** be, deliver, confuse · **To what, where:** we, hand, day, face

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This is Ezra 9:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, face), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EZR:232
# text = Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to spoiling, and to confusion of face, as it is this day.
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	fathers	father	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
10	exceeding	exceeding	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	det	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	iniquities	iniquity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
21	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	31	aux:pass	_	_
31	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	conj	_	_
32	into	into	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nmod	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	to	to	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	captivity	captivity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
50	to	to	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	spoiling	spoiling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
54	to	to	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	confusion	confusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
56	of	of	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	_
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	63	punct	_	_
59	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	63	mark	_	_
60	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	63	nsubj	_	_
61	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	63	cop	_	_
62	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	63	det	_	_
63	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	advcl	_	_
64	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present · perfect | we |  |  |  | day | exceeding, guilty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **deliver** | present · perfect · passive |  | we |  | the hand of the kings of the lands |  | for our iniquities; to the sword and captivity and spoiling and confusion of face | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to sword=Destination |
| 3 | **is a** | present | face | this day |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **confuse** |  |  | face |  |  |  |  | nom confusion «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מִימֵ֣י אֲבֹתֵ֗ינוּ אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ בְּאַשְׁמָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֔ה עַ֖ד הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וּבַעֲוֺנֹתֵ֡ינוּ נִתַּ֡נּוּ אֲנַחְנוּ֩ מְלָכֵ֨ינוּ כֹהֲנֵ֜ינוּ בְּיַ֣ד ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֲרָצ֗וֹת בַּחֶ֜רֶב בַּשְּׁבִ֧י וּבַבִּזָּ֛ה וּבְבֹ֥שֶׁת פָּנִ֖ים כְּהַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

[Ezra 9:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.9.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EZR:232` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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