---
title: Job 38:38 (JPS 1917) — When the dust runneth into a mass, and the clods cleave fast together? · tree and pragmatics
description: When the dust runneth into a mass, and the clods cleave fast together? Who acts: dust, clods. Job 38:38 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 38:38 · JPS 1917

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When the dust runneth into a mass, and the clods cleave fast together?

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**Who acts:** dust, clods · **What happens:** run, cleave · **To what, where:** mass

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This is Job 38:38 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dust, clods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:1048
# text = When the dust runneth into a mass, and the clods cleave fast together?
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	runneth	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	clods	clod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	cleave	cleave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
14	together	together	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: other
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, form=other

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | the dust |  |  |  |  | into a mass *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into mass=Result |
| 2 | **cleave** | present | the clods |  |  |  |  | fast, together *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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בְּצֶ֣קֶת עָ֭פָר לַמּוּצָ֑ק וּרְגָבִ֥ים יְדֻבָּֽקוּ׃

[Job 38:38: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.38.38/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:1048` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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