---
title: Job 38:41 (JPS 1917) — Who provideth for the raven his prey, when his young ones cry unto G… · tree and pragmatics
description: Who provideth for the raven his prey, when his young ones cry unto God, and wander for lack of food? Who acts: young ones. Job 38:41 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.1052/)

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# Job 38:41 · JPS 1917

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Who provideth for the raven his prey, when his young ones cry unto God, and wander for lack of food?

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**Who acts:** young ones · **What happens:** provide, cry, wander, lack · **To what, where:** prey, raven, food

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This is Job 38:41 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young ones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:1052
# text = Who provideth for the raven his prey, when his young ones cry unto God, and wander for lack of food?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	provideth	provide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	iobj	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	cry	cry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
14	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	wander	wander	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=q, act=ask, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | present |  | God's prey | the raven |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Precondition raven=Beneficiary prey=Theme |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | God's young ones |  |  |  |  | unto God | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wander** | present | God's young ones *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for lack of food | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **lack** |  |  | food |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מִ֤י יָכִ֥ין לָעֹרֵ֗ב צֵ֫יד֥וֹ כִּֽי־יְ֭לָדָיו אֶל־אֵ֣ל יְשַׁוֵּ֑עוּ יִ֝תְע֗וּ לִבְלִי־אֹֽכֶל׃

[Job 38:41: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.38.41/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:1052` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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