---
title: Job 40:18 (JPS 1917) — His bones are as pipes of brass; his gristles are like bars of iron. · tree and pragmatics
description: His bones are as pipes of brass; his gristles are like bars of iron. Who acts: bones, gristles. Job 40:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 40:18 · JPS 1917

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His bones are as pipes of brass; his gristles are like bars of iron.

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**Who acts:** bones, gristles · **What happens:** be

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This is Job 40:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bones, gristles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:1112
# text = His bones are as pipes of brass; his gristles are like bars of iron.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	gristles	gristle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	bars	bar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	parataxis	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | hand's bones |  |  |  |  | as pipes; of brass | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | hand's gristles |  |  |  |  | like bars; of iron | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עֲ֭צָמָיו אֲפִיקֵ֣י נְחוּשָׁ֑ה גְּ֝רָמָ֗יו כִּמְטִ֥יל בַּרְזֶֽל׃

[Job 40:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.40.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:1112` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Job 40:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.1111/)
- next →: [Job 40:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.1113/)
- ↑ back to [Job 40:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.40.18/)