---
title: Job 1:19 (JPS 1917) — And, behold, there came a great wind from across the wilderness, and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And, behold, there came a great wind from across the wilderness, and smote the four corners of the house, and it fell upon the young people, and they are dead; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee.' Who acts: great wind, wind, corners, I. Job 1:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.19/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/1/) / [1:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.19/) / JPS 1

# Job 1:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And, behold, there came a great wind from across the wilderness, and smote the four corners of the house, and it fell upon the young people, and they are dead; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** great wind, wind, corners, I · **What happens:** come, smite, fall, be, escape, tell · **To what, where:** wilderness, four corners, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Job 1:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great wind, wind, corners, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:19
# text = And, behold, there came a great wind from across the wilderness, and smote the four corners of the house, and it fell upon the young people, and they are dead; and I only am escaped alone to tell thee.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	6	expl	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	across	across	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	corners	corner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
33	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
34	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
35	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
36	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
38	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
39	only	only	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
40	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	escaped	escape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
42	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
43	to	to	PART	TO	_	44	mark	_	_
44	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	advcl	_	_
45	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	44	obj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
47	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a great wind |  |  | the wilderness; there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from wilderness=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **smite** | past | a great wind *not said here* | the four corners of the house |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus corner=Experiencer |
| 3 | **fall** | past | wind |  |  |  |  | upon the young people | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon people=Location |
| 4 | **is** | present | corners *= corner* |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **escape** | present · passive | I |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | thee |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent thou=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהִנֵּה֩ ר֨וּחַ גְּדוֹלָ֜ה בָּ֣אָה ׀ מֵעֵ֣בֶר הַמִּדְבָּ֗ר וַיִּגַּע֙ בְּאַרְבַּע֙ פִּנּ֣וֹת הַבַּ֔יִת וַיִּפֹּ֥ל עַל־הַנְּעָרִ֖ים וַיָּמ֑וּתוּ וָאִמָּ֨לְטָ֧ה רַק־אֲנִ֛י לְבַדִּ֖י לְהַגִּ֥יד לָֽךְ׃

[Job 1:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.19/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:19` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Job 1:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.18/)
- next →: [Job 1:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.20/)
- ↑ back to [Job 1:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.1.19/)