---
title: Job 3:4 (JPS 1917) — Let that day be darkness; let not God inquire after it from above, n… · tree and pragmatics
description: Let that day be darkness; let not God inquire after it from above, neither let the light shine upon it. Who acts: you, day, God, light. Job 3:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.40/)

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# Job 3:4 · JPS 1917

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Let that day be darkness; let not God inquire after it from above, neither let the light shine upon it.

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**Who acts:** you, day, God, light · **What happens:** let, be, not let, inquire, shine · **To what, where:** darkness, light

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This is Job 3:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, day, God, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:40
# text = Let that day be darkness; let not God inquire after it from above, neither let the light shine upon it.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	xcomp	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
9	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
10	inquire	inquire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	above	above	ADV	RB	_	10	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	17	cc	_	_
17	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
20	shine	shine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
21	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: suggest
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | infinitive | that day | darkness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **let** | infinitive | God |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **inquire** *speech: other* | infinitive | God *not said here* |  |  |  | after darkness |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **let** | infinitive | the light |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **shine** | infinitive | the light *not said here* |  |  | light |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon it=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הַיּ֥וֹם הַה֗וּא יְֽהִ֫י חֹ֥שֶׁךְ אַֽל־יִדְרְשֵׁ֣הוּ אֱל֣וֹהַּ מִמָּ֑עַל וְאַל־תּוֹפַ֖ע עָלָ֣יו נְהָרָֽה׃

[Job 3:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.3.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:40` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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