--- title: Job 3:5 (JPS 1917) — Let darkness and the shadow of death claim it for their own; let a c… · tree and pragmatics description: Let darkness and the shadow of death claim it for their own; let a cloud dwell upon it; let all that maketh black the day terrify it. Who acts: you, darkness, cloud, all. Job 3:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/3/) / [3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.3.5/) / JPS 1 # Job 3:5 · JPS 1917 Let darkness and the shadow of death claim it for their own; let a cloud dwell upon it; let all that maketh black the day terrify it. **Who acts:** you, darkness, cloud, all · **What happens:** let, claim, dwell, make, terrify, shadow · **To what, where:** darkness, cloud, all, death This is Job 3:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, darkness, cloud, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOB:41 # text = Let darkness and the shadow of death claim it for their own; let a cloud dwell upon it; let all that maketh black the day terrify it. 1 Let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 8 claim claim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 1 xcomp _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 obl _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 cloud cloud NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 17 dwell dwell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp _ _ 18 upon upon ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 21 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 parataxis _ _ 22 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 21 obj _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 maketh make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 acl:relcl _ _ 25 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 xcomp _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 28 terrify terrify VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed voice=character, polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | darkness and the shadow of death | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **claim** *speech: other* | infinitive | darkness and the shadow of death *not said here* | darkness | | | | for their own | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | | a cloud | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **dwell** | infinitive | a cloud *not said here* | | | darkness | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon it=Location | | 5 | **let** | infinitive | | all | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **make** | present | | | | | day | black *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 7 | **terrify** | infinitive | all *not said here* | darkness | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer | | 8 | **shadow** | | | death | | | | | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} יִגְאָלֻ֡הוּ חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְ֭צַלְמָוֶת תִּשְׁכָּן־עָלָ֣יו עֲנָנָ֑ה יְ֝בַעֲתֻ֗הוּ כִּֽמְרִ֥ירֵי יֽוֹם׃ [Job 3:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.3.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:41` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Job 3:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.40/) - next →: [Job 3:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.42/) - ↑ back to [Job 3:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.3.5/)