---
title: Job 16:8 (JPS 1917) — And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and m… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and my leanness riseth up against me, it testifieth to my face. Who acts: Thou, leanness. Job 16:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 16:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and my leanness riseth up against me, it testifieth to my face.

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**Who acts:** Thou, leanness · **What happens:** shrivel up, be, rise up, testify · **To what, where:** me, witness, face

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This is Job 16:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, leanness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:412
# text = And Thou hast shrivelled me up, which is a witness against me; and my leanness riseth up against me, it testifieth to my face.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	shrivelled	shrivel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
12	against	against	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	leanness	leanness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	riseth	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	against	against	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	testifieth	testify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	parataxis	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrivel up** | present · perfect | Thou | me |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a witness |  |  |  | against me | tree rules |
| 3 | **rise up** | present | my leanness |  |  |  |  | against me | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against i=Location |
| 4 | **testify** *speech: other* | present | leanness |  | my face |  |  |  | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to face=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽ֭תִּקְמְטֵנִי לְעֵ֣ד הָיָ֑ה וַיָּ֥קָם בִּ֥י כַ֝חֲשִׁ֗י בְּפָנַ֥י יַעֲנֶֽה׃

[Job 16:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.16.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:412` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Job 16:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.411/)
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