---
title: Job 3:9 (JPS 1917) — Let the stars of the twilight thereof be dark; let it look for light… · tree and pragmatics
description: Let the stars of the twilight thereof be dark; let it look for light, but have none; neither let it behold the eyelids of the morning; Who acts: you, stars, twilight. Job 3:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 3:9 · JPS 1917

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Let the stars of the twilight thereof be dark; let it look for light, but have none; neither let it behold the eyelids of the morning;

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**Who acts:** you, stars, twilight · **What happens:** let, be, look, have, behold · **To what, where:** twilight, none, eyelids

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This is Job 3:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, stars, twilight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:45
# text = Let the stars of the twilight thereof be dark; let it look for light, but have none; neither let it behold the eyelids of the morning;
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	twilight	twilight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
9	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
19	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	18	obj	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	22	cc	_	_
22	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	behold	behold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	eyelids	eyelid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive |  | twilight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **look** | infinitive | the stars of the twilight |  |  |  |  | for light | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for light=Theme |
| 5 | **have** | infinitive | the stars of the twilight *not said here* | none |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Patient |
| 6 | **let** | infinitive |  | twilight |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **behold** | infinitive | twilight *not said here* | the eyelids of the morning |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eyelid=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יֶחְשְׁכוּ֮ כּוֹכְבֵ֪י נִ֫שְׁפּ֥וֹ יְקַו־לְא֥וֹר וָאַ֑יִן וְאַל־יִ֝רְאֶ֗ה בְּעַפְעַפֵּי־שָֽׁחַר׃

[Job 3:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.3.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:45` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Job 3:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.44/)
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