---
title: Job 20:4 (JPS 1917) — Knowest thou not this of old time, since man was placed upon earth, · tree and pragmatics
description: Knowest thou not this of old time, since man was placed upon earth, Who acts: thou. Job 20:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 20:4 · JPS 1917

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Knowest thou not this of old time, since man was placed upon earth,

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**Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** not know, place · **To what, where:** this, man, earth

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This is Job 20:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:501
# text = Knowest thou not this of old time, since man was placed upon earth,
1	Knowest	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	nsubj	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	1	advmod	_	_
4	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, form=q, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | present | thou | this |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer this=Stimulus |
| 2 | **place** | past · passive |  | man |  | earth |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme upon earth=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הֲזֹ֣את יָ֭דַעְתָּ מִנִּי־עַ֑ד מִנִּ֤י שִׂ֖ים אָדָ֣ם עֲלֵי־אָֽרֶץ׃

[Job 20:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.20.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:501` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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