---
title: Job 22:9 (JPS 1917) — Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless hav… · tree and pragmatics
description: Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken. Who acts: Thou. Job 22:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 22:9 · JPS 1917

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Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken.

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**Who acts:** Thou · **What happens:** send away, break · **To what, where:** widows, arms

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This is Job 22:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:577
# text = Thou hast sent widows away empty, and the arms of the fatherless have been broken.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	widows	widow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fatherless	fatherless	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send away** | present · perfect | Thou | widows |  |  |  | away, empty *property* | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent widow=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | present · perfect · passive |  | the arms of the fatherless |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אַ֭לְמָנוֹת שִׁלַּ֣חְתָּ רֵיקָ֑ם וּזְרֹע֖וֹת יְתֹמִ֣ים יְדֻכָּֽא׃

[Job 22:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.22.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:577` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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