---
title: Job 23:17 (JPS 1917) — Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither did He cover… · tree and pragmatics
description: Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither did He cover the thick darkness from my face. Who acts: Almighty. Job 23:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 23:17 · JPS 1917

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Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither did He cover the thick darkness from my face.

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**Who acts:** Almighty · **What happens:** not cut off, cover · **To what, where:** I, thick darkness, face

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This is Job 23:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Almighty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:619
# text = Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither did He cover the thick darkness from my face.
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	advcl	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
11	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	14	cc	_	_
12	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cut off** | past · passive |  | I |  |  | before the darkness |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cover** | past · do-support | Almighty | the thick darkness |  | my face |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent darkness=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּֽי־לֹ֣א נִ֭צְמַתִּי מִפְּנֵי־חֹ֑שֶׁךְ וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י כִּסָּה־אֹֽפֶל׃

[Job 23:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.23.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:619` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Job 23:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.618/)
- next →: [Job 24:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.620/)
- ↑ back to [Job 23:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.23.17/)