---
title: Job 24:7 (JPS 1917) — They lie all night naked without clothing, and have no covering in t… · tree and pragmatics
description: They lie all night naked without clothing, and have no covering in the cold. Who acts: landmarks. Job 24:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 24:7 · JPS 1917

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They lie all night naked without clothing, and have no covering in the cold.

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**Who acts:** landmarks · **What happens:** lie, have · **To what, where:** covering, cold

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This is Job 24:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (landmarks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:627
# text = They lie all night naked without clothing, and have no covering in the cold.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | landmarks *= landmark* |  |  |  | night | without clothing; naked *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | present | landmarks *= landmark* *not said here* | no covering |  | the cold |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent covering=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עָר֣וֹם יָ֭לִינוּ מִבְּלִ֣י לְב֑וּשׁ וְאֵ֥ין כְּ֝ס֗וּת בַּקָּרָֽה׃

[Job 24:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:627` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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