---
title: Job 24:14 (JPS 1917) — The murderer riseth with the light, to kill the poor and needy; and… · tree and pragmatics
description: The murderer riseth with the light, to kill the poor and needy; and in the night he is as a thief. Who acts: murderer. Job 24:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 24:14 · JPS 1917

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The murderer riseth with the light, to kill the poor and needy; and in the night he is as a thief.

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**Who acts:** murderer · **What happens:** rise, kill, be · **To what, where:** poor

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This is Job 24:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (murderer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:634
# text = The murderer riseth with the light, to kill the poor and needy; and in the night he is as a thief.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	murderer	murderer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	riseth	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	needy	needy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
21	as	as	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | present | the murderer |  |  |  |  | with the light | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **kill** | to-infinitive | the murderer *not said here* | the poor |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poor=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | murderer |  |  |  | night | as a thief | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָא֡וֹר יָ֘ק֤וּם רוֹצֵ֗חַ יִֽקְטָל־עָנִ֥י וְאֶבְי֑וֹן וּ֝בַלַּ֗יְלָה יְהִ֣י כַגַּנָּֽב׃

[Job 24:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:634` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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