---
title: Job 24:17 (JPS 1917) — For the shadow of death is to all of them as the morning; for they k… · tree and pragmatics
description: For the shadow of death is to all of them as the morning; for they know the terrors of the shadow of death. Who acts: shadow, men. Job 24:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.637/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Job](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB/24/) / [24:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.17/) / JPS 1

# Job 24:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For the shadow of death is to all of them as the morning; for they know the terrors of the shadow of death.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** shadow, men · **What happens:** be, know, shadow · **To what, where:** terrors, death

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Job 24:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shadow, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:637
# text = For the shadow of death is to all of them as the morning; for they know the terrors of the shadow of death.
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	PRON	DT	PronType=Tot	13	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	terrors	terror	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the shadow of death |  |  |  | as the morning | to all | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** | present | men *= man* | the terrors of the shadow of death |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer terror=Stimulus |
| 3 | **shadow** |  |  | death |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 4 | **shadow** |  |  | death |  |  |  |  | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּ֤י יַחְדָּ֨ו ׀ בֹּ֣קֶר לָ֣מוֹ צַלְמָ֑וֶת כִּֽי־יַ֝כִּ֗יר בַּלְה֥וֹת צַלְמָֽוֶת׃

[Job 24:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.17/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:637` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Job 24:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.636/)
- next →: [Job 24:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/JOB.638/)
- ↑ back to [Job 24:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.24.17/)