---
title: Job 4:11 (JPS 1917) — The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lione… · tree and pragmatics
description: The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lioness are scattered abroad. Who acts: old lion. Job 4:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 4:11 · JPS 1917

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The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lioness are scattered abroad.

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**Who acts:** old lion · **What happens:** perish, scatter, lack · **To what, where:** whelps, prey

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This is Job 4:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old lion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:77
# text = The old lion perisheth for lack of prey, and the whelps of the lioness are scattered abroad.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	perisheth	perish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	whelps	whelp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	lioness	lioness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	scattered	scatter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
18	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perish** | present | the old lion |  |  |  |  | for lack of prey | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **scatter** | present · passive |  | the whelps of the lioness |  |  |  | abroad *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **lack** |  |  | prey |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לַ֭יִשׁ אֹבֵ֣ד מִבְּלִי־טָ֑רֶף וּבְנֵ֥י לָ֝בִ֗יא יִתְפָּרָֽדוּ׃

[Job 4:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.4.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:77` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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