---
title: Job 31:29 (JPS 1917) — If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or exulted wh… · tree and pragmatics
description: If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or exulted when evil found him — Who acts: I, evil. Job 31:29 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 31:29 · JPS 1917

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If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or exulted when evil found him —

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**Who acts:** I, evil · **What happens:** rejoice, hate, exult, find, destroy · **To what, where:** destruction, me, God

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This is Job 31:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, evil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:810
# text = If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or exulted when evil found him —
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rejoiced	rejoice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	hated	hate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	exulted	exult	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	17	mark	_	_
16	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rejoice** | past | I |  |  | the destruction of God |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **hate** | past |  | me |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |
| 3 | **exult** | past | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **find** | past | evil | God |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic |
| 5 | **destroy** |  |  | God |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אִם־אֶ֭שְׂמַח בְּפִ֣יד מְשַׂנְאִ֑י וְ֝הִתְעֹרַ֗רְתִּי כִּֽי־מְצָ֥אוֹ רָֽע׃

[Job 31:29: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.29/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:810` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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