---
title: Job 31:34 (JPS 1917) — Because I feared the great multitude, and the most contemptible amon… · tree and pragmatics
description: Because I feared the great multitude, and the most contemptible among families terrified me, so that I kept silence, and went not out of the door. Who acts: I, contemptible. Job 31:34 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Job 31:34 · JPS 1917

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Because I feared the great multitude, and the most contemptible among families terrified me, so that I kept silence, and went not out of the door.

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**Who acts:** I, contemptible · **What happens:** fear, terrify, keep, not go · **To what, where:** great multitude, me, silence, door

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This is Job 31:34 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, contemptible), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOB:815
# text = Because I feared the great multitude, and the most contemptible among families terrified me, so that I kept silence, and went not out of the door.
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feared	fear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	11	advmod	_	_
11	contemptible	contemptible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nsubj	_	_
12	among	among	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
14	terrified	terrify	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
21	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
26	out	out	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fear** | past | I | the great multitude |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer multitude=Stimulus |
| 2 | **terrify** | past | the contemptible | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 3 | **keep** | past | I | silence |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silence=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **go** | past | I *not said here* |  |  | the door |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out door=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּ֤י אֶֽעֱר֨וֹץ ׀ הָ֘מ֤וֹן רַבָּ֗ה וּבוּז־מִשְׁפָּח֥וֹת יְחִתֵּ֑נִי וָ֝אֶדֹּ֗ם לֹא־אֵ֥צֵא פָֽתַח׃

[Job 31:34: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.31.34/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOB:815` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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