---
title: Lamentations 3:65 (JPS 1917) — Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them. · tree and pragmatics
description: Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them. Who acts: Thou, Thy. Lamentations 3:65 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lamentations 3:65 · JPS 1917

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Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them.

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**Who acts:** Thou, Thy · **What happens:** give, curse · **To what, where:** hardness, lips

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This is Lamentations 3:65 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, Thy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:118
# text = Thou wilt give them hardness of heart, Thy curse unto them.
1	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	3	nsubj	_	_
2	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	hardness	hardness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | future | Thou | hardness of heart | lips *= lip* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient hardness=Theme |
| 2 | **curse** |  | Thy |  |  |  |  | unto lips *= lip* | nom curse «communication transitive»: poss=agent unto=obl |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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תִּתֵּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ מְגִנַּת־לֵ֔ב תַּאֲלָֽתְךָ֖ לָהֶֽם׃

[Lamentations 3:65: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.3.65/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:118` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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