--- title: Lamentations 1:11 (JPS 1917) — All her people sigh, they seek bread; they have given their pleasant… · tree and pragmatics description: All her people sigh, they seek bread; they have given their pleasant things for food to refresh the soul. 'See, O LORD, and behold, how abject I am become.' Who acts: people, I. Lamentations 1:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/) / [1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.11/) / JPS 1 # Lamentations 1:11 · JPS 1917 All her people sigh, they seek bread; they have given their pleasant things for food to refresh the soul. 'See, O LORD, and behold, how abject I am become.' **Who acts:** people, I · **What happens:** sigh, seek, give, refresh, see, behold · **To what, where:** bread, pleasant things, soul This is Lamentations 1:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LAM:12 # text = All her people sigh, they seek bread; they have given their pleasant things for food to refresh the soul. 'See, O LORD, and behold, how abject I am become.' 1 All all DET PDT PronType=Tot 3 det:predet _ _ 2 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 sigh sigh VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 seek seek VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 8 bread bread NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 10 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 11 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 parataxis _ _ 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 pleasant pleasant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 refresh refresh VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 soul soul NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 23 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 24 punct _ _ 24 See see VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 O o INTJ UH _ 27 discourse _ _ 27 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 vocative _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 behold behold VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 33 advmod _ _ 33 abject abject ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 xcomp _ _ 34 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 35 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 become become VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 30 ccomp _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 24 punct _ _ 38 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sigh** | present | Jerusalem's people | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **seek** | present | people | bread | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Theme | | 3 | **give** | present · perfect | people | people's pleasant things | | | | for food | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent thing=Theme for food=Asset | | 4 | **refresh** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | the soul | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus soul=Experiencer | | 5 | **see** | infinitive | | | | | | LORD *vocative* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **behold** | infinitive | | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **become** | present · passive | I | | | | | abject *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כָּל־עַמָּ֤הּ נֶאֱנָחִים֙ מְבַקְּשִׁ֣ים לֶ֔חֶם נָתְנ֧וּ מַחֲמַדֵּיהֶ֛םבְּאֹ֖כֶל לְהָשִׁ֣יב נָ֑פֶשׁ רְאֵ֤ה יְהוָה֙ וְֽהַבִּ֔יטָה כִּ֥י הָיִ֖יתִי זוֹלֵלָֽה׃ס [Lamentations 1:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.11/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:12` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Lamentations 1:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.11/) - next →: [Lamentations 1:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.13/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 1:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.11/)