--- title: Lamentations 4:9 (JPS 1917) — They that are slain with the sword are better than they that are sla… · tree and pragmatics description: They that are slain with the sword are better than they that are slain with hunger; for these pine away, stricken through, for want of the fruits of the field. Who acts: princes, these. Lamentations 4:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.130/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/4/) / [4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.9/) / JPS 1 # Lamentations 4:9 · JPS 1917 They that are slain with the sword are better than they that are slain with hunger; for these pine away, stricken through, for want of the fruits of the field. **Who acts:** princes, these · **What happens:** slay, be, pine away, stricken through, want · **To what, where:** fruits This is Lamentations 4:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LAM:130 # text = They that are slain with the sword are better than they that are slain with hunger; for these pine away, stricken through, for want of the fruits of the field. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 2 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 slain slay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl:relcl _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 sword sword NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 10 than than ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ _ 12 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 slain slay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 11 acl:relcl _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 hunger hunger NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 18 for for SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 19 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 20 nsubj _ _ 20 pine pine VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 21 away away ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 stricken stricken VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 advcl _ _ 24 through through ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 for for ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 want want NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 fruits fruit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **slay** | present · passive | | | | | | with the sword | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with sword=Instrument | | 2 | **is** | present | princes *= prince* | | | | | than bones *= bone*; good *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **slay** | present · passive | | | | | | with hunger | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with hunger=Instrument | | 4 | **pine away** | present | these | | | | | away *property* | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 5 | **stricken through** | participle | these *not said here* | | | | | for want of the fruits of the field; through *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **want** | | | the fruits of the field | | | | | nom want «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} טוֹבִ֤ים הָיוּ֙ חַלְלֵי־חֶ֔רֶב מֵֽחַלְלֵ֖י רָעָ֑ב שֶׁ֣הֵ֤ם יָז֙וּבוּ֙ מְדֻקָּרִ֔ים מִתְּנוּבֹ֖ת שָׂדָֽי׃ס [Lamentations 4:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:130` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Lamentations 4:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.129/) - next →: [Lamentations 4:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.131/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.9/)