---
title: Lamentations 4:14 (JPS 1917) — They wander as blind men in the streets, they are polluted with bloo… · tree and pragmatics
description: They wander as blind men in the streets, they are polluted with blood, so that men cannot touch their garments. Who acts: adversary, men. Lamentations 4:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lamentations 4:14 · JPS 1917

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They wander as blind men in the streets, they are polluted with blood, so that men cannot touch their garments.

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**Who acts:** adversary, men · **What happens:** wander, pollute, not touch · **To what, where:** adversary, garments

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This is Lamentations 4:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adversary, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:135
# text = They wander as blind men in the streets, they are polluted with blood, so that men cannot touch their garments.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wander	wander	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	blind	blind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	polluted	pollute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	21	mark	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wander** | present | adversary |  |  |  |  | as blind men in the streets | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pollute** | present · passive |  | adversary |  |  |  | with blood | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **touch** | can | men | adversary's garments |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme garment=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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נָע֤וּ עִוְרִים֙ בַּֽחוּצ֔וֹת נְגֹֽאֲל֖וּ בַּדָּ֑ם בְּלֹ֣א יֽוּכְל֔וּ יִגְּע֖וּ בִּלְבֻשֵׁיהֶֽם׃ס

[Lamentations 4:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:135` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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