--- title: Lamentations 4:20 (JPS 1917) — The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the LORD, was taken in t… · tree and pragmatics description: The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the LORD, was taken in their pits; of whom we said: 'Under his shadow we shall live among the nations.' Who acts: we, LORD. Lamentations 4:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.141/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/4/) / [4:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.20/) / JPS 1 # Lamentations 4:20 · JPS 1917 The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the LORD, was taken in their pits; of whom we said: 'Under his shadow we shall live among the nations.' **Who acts:** we, LORD · **What happens:** anoint, take, say, live, shadow · **To what, where:** breath, pits, shadow · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Lamentations 4:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LAM:141 # text = The breath of our nostrils, the anointed of the LORD, was taken in their pits; of whom we said: 'Under his shadow we shall live among the nations.' 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 breath breath NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 nostrils nostril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 anointed anoint VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 appos _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 13 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 pits pit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 22 obl _ _ 21 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 parataxis _ _ 23 : : PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 24 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 30 punct _ _ 25 Under under ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 28 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 29 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 live live VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 ccomp _ _ 31 among among ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 30 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **anoint** | participle | | | | | | of the LORD | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **take** | past · passive | | the breath of our nostrils | | nostrils's pits | | | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in pit=Location | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | we | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **live** | shall | we | | | LORD's shadow | | among the nations | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under shadow=Location | | 5 | **shadow** | | LORD | | | | | | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} ר֤וּחַ אַפֵּ֙ינוּ֙ מְשִׁ֣יחַ יְהוָ֔ה נִלְכַּ֖ד בִּשְׁחִיתוֹתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְנוּ בְּצִלּ֖וֹ נִֽחְיֶ֥ה בַגּוֹיִֽם׃ס [Lamentations 4:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:141` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Lamentations 4:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.140/) - next →: [Lamentations 4:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.142/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 4:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.4.20/)