--- title: Lamentations 1:16 (JPS 1917) — 'For these things I weep; mine eye, mine eye runneth down with water… · tree and pragmatics description: 'For these things I weep; mine eye, mine eye runneth down with water; because the comforter is far from me, even he that should refresh my soul; my children are desolate, because the enemy hath prevailed.' Who acts: I, eye, comforter, children. Lamentations 1:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/) / [1:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.16/) / JPS 1 # Lamentations 1:16 · JPS 1917 'For these things I weep; mine eye, mine eye runneth down with water; because the comforter is far from me, even he that should refresh my soul; my children are desolate, because the enemy hath prevailed.' **Who acts:** I, eye, comforter, children, enemy · **What happens:** weep, run down, be, refresh, prevail · **To what, where:** soul This is Lamentations 1:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, eye, comforter, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LAM:18 # text = 'For these things I weep; mine eye, mine eye runneth down with water; because the comforter is far from me, even he that should refresh my soul; my children are desolate, because the enemy hath prevailed.' 1 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 2 For for ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 4 det _ _ 4 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 5 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 weep weep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 8 mine mine PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 11 mine mine PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 13 runneth run VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 14 down down ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 18 because because SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 comforter comforter NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 22 far far ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 advcl _ _ 23 from from ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 even even ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 appos _ _ 28 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 30 nsubj _ _ 29 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 refresh refresh VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 acl:relcl _ _ 31 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 soul soul NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 34 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nsubj _ _ 36 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 desolate desolate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 parataxis _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 39 because because SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 enemy enemy NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ _ 42 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 aux _ _ 43 prevailed prevail VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 37 advcl _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ 45 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **weep** | present | I | | | | | for this things | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **run down** | present | mine eye | | | | | with water; down *property* | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent with water=Material | | 3 | **is** | present | the comforter | | | | | from me; far *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **refresh** | should | | my soul | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus soul=Experiencer | | 5 | **is** | present | my children | | | | | desolate *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **prevail** | present · perfect | the enemy | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} עַל־אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ אֲנִ֣י בוֹכִיָּ֗ה עֵינִ֤י ׀ עֵינִי֙ יֹ֣רְדָה מַּ֔יִם כִּֽי־רָחַ֥ק מִמֶּ֛נִּי מְנַחֵ֖ם מֵשִׁ֣יב נַפְשִׁ֑י הָי֤וּ בָנַי֙ שֽׁוֹמֵמִ֔ים כִּ֥י גָבַ֖ר אוֹיֵֽב׃ס [Lamentations 1:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:18` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Lamentations 1:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.17/) - next →: [Lamentations 1:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.19/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 1:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.16/)