--- title: Lamentations 1:20 (JPS 1917) — Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is… · tree and pragmatics description: Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is turned within me, for I have grievously rebelled. Who acts: I, inwards. Lamentations 1:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Lamentations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM/1/) / [1:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.20/) / JPS 1 # Lamentations 1:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is turned within me, for I have grievously rebelled. **Who acts:** I, inwards · **What happens:** be, burn, turn, rebel · **To what, where:** distress, heart This is Lamentations 1:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, inwards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LAM:22 # text = Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is turned within me, for I have grievously rebelled. 1 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 14 discourse _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 O o INTJ UH _ 4 discourse _ _ 4 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 vocative _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 for for SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 7 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 8 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 distress distress NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 advcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 mine mine PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 inwards inward NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 burn burn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 16 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj:pass _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux:pass _ _ 19 turned turn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 parataxis _ _ 20 within within ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 for for SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 24 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 25 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 grievously grievously ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 rebelled rebel VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 19 advcl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | I | | | distress | | | tree rules | | 2 | **burn** | present | mine inwards | | | | | LORD *vocative* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **turn** | present · passive | | my heart | | | | within me | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **rebel** | present · perfect | I | | | | | grievously *property* | vn rebel-71.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} רְאֵ֨ה יְהוָ֤ה כִּֽי־צַר־לִי֙ מֵעַ֣י חֳמַרְמָ֔רוּ נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ לִבִּי֙ בְּקִרְבִּ֔י כִּ֥י מָר֖וֹ מָרִ֑יתִי מִח֥וּץ שִׁכְּלָה־חֶ֖רֶב בַּבַּ֥יִת כַּמָּֽוֶת׃ס [Lamentations 1:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.20/) This verse in JPS 1917: 1. **Behold, O LORD, for I am in distress, mine inwards burn; my heart is turned within me, for I have grievously rebelled.** 2. [Abroad the sword bereaveth, at home there is the like of death.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:22` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Lamentations 1:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.21/) - next →: [Lamentations 1:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.23/) - ↑ back to [Lamentations 1:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.1.20/)