---
title: Lamentations 2:1 (JPS 1917) — How hath the Lord covered with a cloud the daughter of Zion in His a… · tree and pragmatics
description: How hath the Lord covered with a cloud the daughter of Zion in His anger! Who acts: Lord. Lamentations 2:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lamentations 2:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How hath the Lord covered with a cloud the daughter of Zion in His anger!

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**Who acts:** Lord · **What happens:** cover, anger · **To what, where:** daughter

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This is Lamentations 2:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:26
# text = How hath the Lord covered with a cloud the daughter of Zion in His anger!
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Zion	Zion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: exclamation
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present · perfect | the Lord |  | the daughter of Zion |  |  | with a cloud; in Lord's anger | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent daughter=Destination in anger=Theme |
| 2 | **anger** |  | Lord |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אֵיכָה֩ יָעִ֨יב בְּאַפּ֤וֹ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֙ אֶת־בַּת־צִיּ֔וֹן הִשְׁלִ֤יךְ מִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ אֶ֔רֶץ תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹא־זָכַ֥ר הֲדֹם־רַגְלָ֖יו בְּי֥וֹם אַפּֽוֹ׃ס

[Lamentations 2:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.1/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **How hath the Lord covered with a cloud the daughter of Zion in His anger!**
2. [He hath cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, and hath not remembered His footstool in the day of His anger.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.27/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:26` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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