---
title: Lamentations 2:1 (JPS 1917) — He hath cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, a… · tree and pragmatics
description: He hath cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, and hath not remembered His footstool in the day of His anger. Who acts: Lord. Lamentations 2:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lamentations 2:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hath cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, and hath not remembered His footstool in the day of His anger.

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**Who acts:** Lord · **What happens:** cast down, not remember, anger · **To what, where:** beauty, heaven, footstool

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This is Lamentations 2:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:27
# text = He hath cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, and hath not remembered His footstool in the day of His anger.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cast	cast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	remembered	remember	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
19	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	footstool	footstool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cast down** | present · perfect | Lord | the beauty of Israel |  | heaven |  | unto the earth | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent beauty=Product from heaven=Material |
| 2 | **not** **remember** | present · perfect | Lord *not said here* | Lord's footstool |  |  | day |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent footstool=Theme |
| 3 | **anger** |  | Lord |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אֵיכָה֩ יָעִ֨יב בְּאַפּ֤וֹ ׀ אֲדֹנָי֙ אֶת־בַּת־צִיּ֔וֹן הִשְׁלִ֤יךְ מִשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙ אֶ֔רֶץ תִּפְאֶ֖רֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹא־זָכַ֥ר הֲדֹם־רַגְלָ֖יו בְּי֥וֹם אַפּֽוֹ׃ס

[Lamentations 2:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.1/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [How hath the Lord covered with a cloud the daughter of Zion in His anger!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/LAM.26/)
2. **He hath cast down from heaven unto the earth the beauty of Israel, and hath not remembered His footstool in the day of His anger.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:27` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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