---
title: Lamentations 2:17 (JPS 1917) — The LORD hath done that which He devised; He hath performed His word… · tree and pragmatics
description: The LORD hath done that which He devised; He hath performed His word that He commanded in the days of old; He hath thrown down unsparingly; and He hath caused the enemy to rejoice over thee, He hath exalted the horn of thine adversaries. Who acts: LORD, enemy. Lamentations 2:17 in JPS 1917 with its 
---

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# Lamentations 2:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The LORD hath done that which He devised; He hath performed His word that He commanded in the days of old; He hath thrown down unsparingly; and He hath caused the enemy to rejoice over thee, He hath exalted the horn of thine adversaries.

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**Who acts:** LORD, enemy · **What happens:** do, devise, perform, command, throw down, cause · **To what, where:** that, word, enemy, thee, horn · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Lamentations 2:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, enemy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:46
# text = The LORD hath done that which He devised; He hath performed His word that He commanded in the days of old; He hath thrown down unsparingly; and He hath caused the enemy to rejoice over thee, He hath exalted the horn of thine adversaries.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	obj	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obj	_	_
7	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	devised	devise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	performed	perform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
16	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	nmod	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
27	down	down	ADV	RP	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	unsparingly	unsparingly	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
32	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	conj	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obj	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	xcomp	_	_
38	over	over	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	obl	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
41	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
42	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obj	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	adversaries	adversary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	nmod	_	_
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · perfect | the LORD | that |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |
| 2 | **devise** | past | Lord |  |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 3 | **perform** | present · perfect | Lord | Lord's word |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 4 | **command** | past | Lord | Lord's word |  |  | day |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |
| 5 | **throw down** | present · perfect | Lord |  |  |  |  | down, unsparingly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **cause** | present · perfect | Lord | the enemy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **rejoice** | to-infinitive | the enemy *not said here* |  |  | thee |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **exalt** | present · perfect | Lord | the horn of thine adversaries |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horn=Stimulus |
| 9 | **word** |  | Lord |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עָשָׂ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר זָמָ֗ם בִּצַּ֤ע אֶמְרָתוֹ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר צִוָּ֣ה מִֽימֵי־קֶ֔דֶם הָרַ֖ס וְלֹ֣א חָמָ֑ל וַיְשַׂמַּ֤ח עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ אוֹיֵ֔ב הֵרִ֖ים קֶ֥רֶן צָרָֽיִךְ׃ס

[Lamentations 2:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.2.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:46` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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