---
title: Lamentations 3:4 (JPS 1917) — My flesh and my skin hath He worn out; He hath broken my bones. · tree and pragmatics
description: My flesh and my skin hath He worn out; He hath broken my bones. Who acts: man. Lamentations 3:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lamentations 3:4 · JPS 1917

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My flesh and my skin hath He worn out; He hath broken my bones.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** wear out, break · **To what, where:** flesh, bones

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This is Lamentations 3:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:57
# text = My flesh and my skin hath He worn out; He hath broken my bones.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	parataxis	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear out** | present · perfect | man | My flesh and my skin |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent flesh=Source |
| 2 | **break** | present · perfect | man | my bones |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bone=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בִּלָּ֤ה בְשָׂרִי֙ וְעוֹרִ֔י שִׁבַּ֖ר עַצְמוֹתָֽי׃

[Lamentations 3:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.3.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:57` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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