---
title: Lamentations 3:29 (JPS 1917) — Let him put his mouth in the dust, if so be there may be hope. · tree and pragmatics
description: Let him put his mouth in the dust, if so be there may be hope. Who acts: you, man, hope. Lamentations 3:29 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lamentations 3:29 · JPS 1917

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Let him put his mouth in the dust, if so be there may be hope.

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**Who acts:** you, man, hope · **What happens:** let, put, be · **To what, where:** man, mouth, dust

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This is Lamentations 3:29 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, man, hope), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LAM:82
# text = Let him put his mouth in the dust, if so be there may be hope.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	ccomp	_	_
16	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: suggest
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- hedged: yes
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive | man *not said here* | man's mouth |  | the dust |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mouth=Theme in dust=Destination |
| 3 | **be** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** | may | hope |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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יִתֵּ֤ן בֶּֽעָפָר֙ פִּ֔יהוּ אוּלַ֖י יֵ֥שׁ תִּקְוָֽה׃

[Lamentations 3:29: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.3.29/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LAM:82` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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