---
title: Nehemiah 2:1 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Art… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king. Who acts: wine, I. Nehemiah 2:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Nehemiah 2:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king.

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**Who acts:** wine, I · **What happens:** come, pass, be, take up, give · **To what, where:** it, wine

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Nehemiah 2:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wine, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:12
# text = And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	Nisan	Nisan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	twentieth	twentieth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Artaxerxes	Artaxerxes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	24	mark	_	_
21	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	before	before	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	advcl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	csubj	_	_
29	up	up	ADP	RP	_	28	compound:prt	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | it |  |  | year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | month |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | past | wine |  |  |  | before king |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **take up** | past | I | the wine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Theme |
| 5 | **give** | past | I *not said here* | wine |  |  |  | unto the king | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ נִיסָ֗ן שְׁנַ֥ת עֶשְׂרִ֛ים לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥סְתְּא הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יַ֣יִן לְפָנָ֑יו וָאֶשָּׂ֤א אֶת־הַיַּ֙יִן֙ וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְלֹא־הָיִ֥יתִי רַ֖ע לְפָנָֽיו׃

[Nehemiah 2:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.1/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, when wine was before him, that I took up the wine, and gave it unto the king.**
2. [Now I had not been beforetime sad in his presence.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:12` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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