---
title: Nehemiah 2:10 (JPS 1917) — And when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonit… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, for that there was come a man to seek the welfare of the children of Israel. Who acts: Sanballat, Ammonite, man. Nehemiah 2:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Nehemiah 2:10 · JPS 1917

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And when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, for that there was come a man to seek the welfare of the children of Israel.

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**Who acts:** Sanballat, Ammonite, man · **What happens:** hear, grieve, come, seek · **To what, where:** Sanballat, welfare

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This is Nehemiah 2:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sanballat, Ammonite, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:23
# text = And when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, heard of it, it grieved them exceedingly, for that there was come a man to seek the welfare of the children of Israel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
3	Sanballat	Sanballat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Horonite	Horonite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	Tobiah	Tobiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Ammonite	Ammonite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
15	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	grieved	grieve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	exceedingly	exceedingly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	25	fixed	_	_
25	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
26	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	28	expl	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	seek	seek	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	acl	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	welfare	welfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | Sanballat and Tobiah |  |  |  |  | of Ammonite | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of it=Stimulus |
| 2 | **grieve** | past | Ammonite | Sanballat |  |  |  | exceedingly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 3 | **come** | past · passive | a man |  |  | there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **seek** | to-infinitive | a man *not said here* | the welfare of the children of Israel |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent welfare=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע סַנְבַלַּ֣ט הַחֹרֹנִ֗י וְטֽוֹבִיָּה֙ הָעֶ֣בֶד הָֽעַמֹּנִ֔י וַיֵּ֥רַע לָהֶ֖ם רָעָ֣ה גְדֹלָ֑ה אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֥א אָדָ֔ם לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ טוֹבָ֖ה לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

[Nehemiah 2:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:23` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Nehemiah 2:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.10/)