---
title: Nehemiah 9:12 (JPS 1917) — Moreover in a pillar of cloud Thou didst lead them by day; and in a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Moreover in a pillar of cloud Thou didst lead them by day; and in a pillar of fire by night, to give them light in the way wherein they should go. Who acts: Thou, pursuers. Nehemiah 9:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Nehemiah 9:12 · JPS 1917

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Moreover in a pillar of cloud Thou didst lead them by day; and in a pillar of fire by night, to give them light in the way wherein they should go.

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**Who acts:** Thou, pursuers · **What happens:** lead, give, go · **To what, where:** pursuers, pillar, light, way

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This is Nehemiah 9:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, pursuers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:253
# text = Moreover in a pillar of cloud Thou didst lead them by day; and in a pillar of fire by night, to give them light in the way wherein they should go.
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pillar	pillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nsubj	_	_
8	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	lead	lead	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	pillar	pillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
25	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	iobj	_	_
26	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
30	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	33	advmod	_	_
31	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
32	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	acl:relcl	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | past · do-support | Thou | pursuers *= pursuer* |  | a pillar of cloud | day | in a pillar of fire by night; moreover *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in pillar=Destination |
| 2 | **give** | to-infinitive | Thou *not said here* | light | pursuers *= pursuer* | the way |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient light=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | should | pursuers *= pursuer* |  |  |  |  | wherein *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבְעַמּ֣וּד עָנָ֔ן הִנְחִיתָ֖ם יוֹמָ֑ם וּבְעַמּ֥וּד אֵשׁ֙ לַ֔יְלָה לְהָאִ֣יר לָהֶ֔ם אֶת־הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יֵֽלְכוּ־בָֽהּ׃

[Nehemiah 9:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:253` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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