---
title: Nehemiah 9:27 (JPS 1917) — Therefore Thou didst deliver them into the hand of their adversaries… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore Thou didst deliver them into the hand of their adversaries, who distressed them; and in the time of their trouble, when they cried unto Thee, Thou heardest from heaven; and according to Thy manifold mercies Thou gavest them saviours who might save them out of the hand of their adversaries.
---

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# Nehemiah 9:27 · JPS 1917

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Therefore Thou didst deliver them into the hand of their adversaries, who distressed them; and in the time of their trouble, when they cried unto Thee, Thou heardest from heaven; and according to Thy manifold mercies Thou gavest them saviours who might save them out of the hand of their adversaries.

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**Who acts:** Thou, adversaries, commandments, saviours · **What happens:** deliver, distress, cry, hear, accord, give · **To what, where:** commandments, hand, heaven, saviours

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This is Nehemiah 9:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, adversaries, commandments, saviours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:268
# text = Therefore Thou didst deliver them into the hand of their adversaries, who distressed them; and in the time of their trouble, when they cried unto Thee, Thou heardest from heaven; and according to Thy manifold mercies Thou gavest them saviours who might save them out of the hand of their adversaries.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	adversaries	adversary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	distressed	distress	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	27	mark	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
28	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	27	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
31	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nsubj	_	_
32	heardest	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
33	from	from	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
37	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	41	case	_	_
38	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	fixed	_	_
39	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	41	nmod:poss	_	_
40	manifold	manifold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	mercies	mercy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obl	_	_
42	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	43	nsubj	_	_
43	gavest	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
44	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	iobj	_	_
45	saviours	saviour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obj	_	_
46	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	48	nsubj	_	_
47	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	48	aux	_	_
48	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	acl:relcl	_	_
49	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	obj	_	_
50	out	out	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	obl	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	56	nmod:poss	_	_
56	adversaries	adversary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	nmod	_	_
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deliver** | past · do-support | Thou | commandments *= commandment* |  | the hand of commandments's adversaries |  | therefore *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |
| 2 | **distress** | past | commandments's adversaries | commandments *= commandment* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |
| 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | commandments *= commandment* |  |  |  |  | unto Thee | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **hear** | past | Thou |  |  | heaven | time |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from heaven=Source |
| 5 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **give** | past | Thou | saviours | commandments *= commandment* |  |  | accord Thy manifold mercies | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient saviour=Theme |
| 7 | **save** | might | saviours | commandments *= commandment* |  | the hand of commandments's adversaries |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 8 | **trouble** |  | commandments *= commandment* |  |  |  |  |  | nom trouble «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽתִּתְּנֵם֙ בְּיַ֣ד צָֽרֵיהֶ֔ם וַיָּצֵ֖רוּ לָהֶ֑ם וּבְעֵ֤ת צָֽרָתָם֙ יִצְעֲק֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְאַתָּה֙ מִשָּׁמַ֣יִם תִּשְׁמָ֔ע וּֽכְרַחֲמֶ֣יךָ הָֽרַבִּ֗ים תִּתֵּ֤ן לָהֶם֙ מֽוֹשִׁיעִ֔ים וְיוֹשִׁיע֖וּם מִיַּ֥ד צָרֵיהֶֽם׃

[Nehemiah 9:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.27/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:268` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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