---
title: Nehemiah 9:32 (JPS 1917) — Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, wh… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the travail seem little before Thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all Thy people, since the time 
---

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# Nehemiah 9:32 · JPS 1917

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Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the travail seem little before Thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all Thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** awful God, you, travail · **What happens:** keep, not let, seem, come · **To what, where:** covenant, travail

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This is Nehemiah 9:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (awful God, you, travail), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:273
# text = Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awful God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the travail seem little before Thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all Thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
2	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	vocative	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	appos	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	awful	awful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
19	keepest	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
24	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
25	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
26	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	28	det:predet	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	travail	travail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	seem	seem	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
30	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	_
31	before	before	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	29	obl	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj	_	_
35	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	28	acl:relcl	_	_
37	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	on	on	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	_
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
44	on	on	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	46	nmod:poss	_	_
46	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	_
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
49	on	on	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	51	nmod:poss	_	_
51	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	_
52	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	56	punct	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	56	cc	_	_
54	on	on	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
55	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	56	nmod:poss	_	_
56	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	_
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	_
58	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
59	on	on	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	61	nmod:poss	_	_
61	fathers	father	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	_
62	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
63	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	67	cc	_	_
64	on	on	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
65	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	67	det:predet	_	_
66	Thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	67	nmod:poss	_	_
67	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	conj	_	_
68	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	71	punct	_	_
69	since	since	ADP	IN	_	71	case	_	_
70	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	71	det	_	_
71	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
72	of	of	ADP	IN	_	74	case	_	_
73	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	74	det	_	_
74	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	71	nmod	_	_
75	of	of	ADP	IN	_	76	case	_	_
76	Assyria	Assyria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	74	nmod	_	_
77	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	79	case	_	_
78	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	79	det	_	_
79	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
80	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp, indirect=0, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | the awful God | covenant and mercy |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent covenant=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | all travail |  |  | now | our God *vocative*; therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **seem** | infinitive | all travail *not said here* |  |  |  | before Thee | little *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **come** | present · perfect | all travail |  |  |  | day; time | upon us; on our kings and our princes and our priests and our prophets and our fathers and Thy people | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon we=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעַתָּ֣ה אֱ֠לֹהֵינוּ הָאֵ֨ל הַגָּד֜וֹל הַגִּבּ֣וֹר וְהַנּוֹרָא֮ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַבְּרִ֣ית וְהַחֶסֶד֒ אַל־יִמְעַ֣ט לְפָנֶ֡יךָ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֣ה אֲֽשֶׁר־מְ֠צָאַתְנוּ לִמְלָכֵ֨ינוּ לְשָׂרֵ֧ינוּ וּלְכֹהֲנֵ֛ינוּ וְלִנְבִיאֵ֥נוּ וְלַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ וּלְכָל־עַמֶּ֑ךָ מִימֵי֙ מַלְכֵ֣י אַשּׁ֔וּר עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

[Nehemiah 9:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.32/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:273` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Nehemiah 9:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.272/)
- next →: [Nehemiah 9:33 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.274/)
- ↑ back to [Nehemiah 9:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.9.32/)