--- title: Nehemiah 2:19 (JPS 1917) — But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonit… · tree and pragmatics description: But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they laughed us to scorn, and despised us, and said: 'What is this thing that ye do? will ye rebel against the king?' Who acts: Sanballat, ye. Nehemiah 2:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.33/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/2/) / [2:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.19/) / JPS 1 # Nehemiah 2:19 · JPS 1917 But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they laughed us to scorn, and despised us, and said: 'What is this thing that ye do? will ye rebel against the king?' **Who acts:** Sanballat, ye · **What happens:** hear, laugh, scorn, despise, say, be · **To what, where:** hand, us, thing · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Nehemiah 2:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sanballat, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NEH:33 # text = But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the servant, the Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian, heard it, they laughed us to scorn, and despised us, and said: 'What is this thing that ye do? will ye rebel against the king?' 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 2 when when SCONJ WRB _ 20 mark _ _ 3 Sanballat Sanballat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Horonite Horonite PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 Tobiah Tobiah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 Ammonite Ammonite PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 appos _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 Geshem Geshem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 Arabian Arabian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 appos _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 20 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 23 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 laughed laugh VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 25 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 27 mark _ _ 27 scorn scorn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 xcomp _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 despised despise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 31 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 35 : : PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 36 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 40 punct _ _ 37 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 40 nsubj _ _ 38 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 39 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 40 det _ _ 40 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 ccomp _ _ 41 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 43 obj _ _ 42 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 43 nsubj _ _ 43 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 acl:relcl _ _ 44 ? ? PUNCT . _ 40 punct _ _ 45 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 46 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 47 nsubj _ _ 47 rebel rebel VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 parataxis _ _ 48 against against ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ _ 51 ? ? PUNCT . _ 47 punct _ _ 52 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 47 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=q, act=ask, indirect=0 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | past | Sanballat and Tobiah and Geshem | hand | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 2 | **laugh** | past | Sanballat | us | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **scorn** | to-infinitive | Sanballat *not said here* | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **despise** | past | Sanballat *not said here* | us | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer we=Stimulus | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Sanballat *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is a** | present | | this thing | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **do** | present | ye | this thing | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | | 8 | **rebel** | future | ye | | | | | against the king | vn rebel-71.2-1 «NP V PP.maleficiary»: agent=Agent against king=Maleficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּשְׁמַע֩ סַנְבַלַּ֨ט הַחֹרֹנִ֜י וְטֹבִיָּ֣ה ׀ הָעֶ֣בֶד הָֽעַמּוֹנִ֗י וְגֶ֙שֶׁם֙ הָֽעַרְבִ֔י וַיַּלְעִ֣גוּ לָ֔נוּ וַיִּבְז֖וּ עָלֵ֑ינוּ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ מָֽה־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַזֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים הַעַ֥ל הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אַתֶּ֥ם מֹרְדִֽים׃ [Nehemiah 2:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:33` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 2:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.32/) - next →: [Nehemiah 2:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.34/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 2:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.19/)