--- title: Nehemiah 1:4 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and w… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days; and I fasted and prayed before the God of heaven, Who acts: remnant, I. Nehemiah 1:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Nehemiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH/1/) / [1:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.1.4/) / JPS 1 # Nehemiah 1:4 · JPS 1917 And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days; and I fasted and prayed before the God of heaven, **Who acts:** remnant, I · **What happens:** come, pass, hear, sit down, weep, mourn · **To what, where:** words This is Nehemiah 1:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (remnant, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NEH:4 # text = And it came to pass, when I heard these words, that I sat down and wept, and mourned certain days; and I fasted and prayed before the God of heaven, 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 when when SCONJ WRB _ 9 mark _ _ 8 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 10 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 11 det _ _ 11 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 sat sit VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 16 down down ADV RP _ 15 advmod _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 wept weep VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 mourned mourn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 22 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl:unmarked _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 fasted fast VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 prayed pray VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 30 before before ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | remnant | | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | remnant *not said here* | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **hear** | past | I | this words | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | | 4 | **sit down** | past | I | | | | | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **weep** | past | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **mourn** | past | I *not said here* | | | | day | | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 7 | **fast** | past | I | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **pray** | past | I *not said here* | | | | before the God of heaven | | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְהִ֞י כְּשָׁמְעִ֣י ׀ אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה יָשַׁ֙בְתִּי֙ וָֽאֶבְכֶּ֔ה וָאֶתְאַבְּלָ֖ה יָמִ֑ים וָֽאֱהִ֥י צָם֙ וּמִתְפַּלֵּ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י אֱלֹהֵ֥י הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃ [Nehemiah 1:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.1.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:4` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Nehemiah 1:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.3/) - next →: [Nehemiah 1:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/NEH.5/) - ↑ back to [Nehemiah 1:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.1.4/)