---
title: Nehemiah 12:43 (JPS 1917) — And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God ha… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women also and the children rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off. Who acts: singers, God, women. Nehemiah 12:43 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Nehemiah 12:43 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women also and the children rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** singers, God, women · **What happens:** offer, rejoice, make, hear, joy · **To what, where:** great sacrifices, singers, joy, Jerusalem

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Nehemiah 12:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (singers, God, women), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NEH:402
# text = And they offered great sacrifices that day, and rejoiced; for God had made them rejoice with great joy; and the women also and the children rejoiced; so that the joy of Jerusalem was heard even afar off.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	offered	offer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sacrifices	sacrifice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	rejoiced	rejoice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
25	also	also	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
29	rejoiced	rejoice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
31	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	31	fixed	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	advcl	_	_
39	even	even	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	afar	afar	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	off	off	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **offer** | past | singers *= singer* | great sacrifices |  |  | day |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent sacrifice=Theme |
| 2 | **rejoice** | past | singers *= singer* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **make** | past · perfect | God | singers *= singer* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **rejoice** | infinitive | singers *= singer* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with great joy | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **rejoice** | past | the women and the children |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **hear** | past · passive |  | the joy of Jerusalem |  |  |  | off *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 7 | **joy** |  |  | Jerusalem |  |  |  |  | nom joy «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּזְבְּח֣וּ בַיּוֹם־הַ֠הוּא זְבָחִ֨ים גְּדוֹלִ֜ים וַיִּשְׂמָ֗חוּ כִּ֤י הָאֱלֹהִים֙ שִׂמְּחָם֙ שִׂמְחָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וְגַ֧ם הַנָּשִׁ֛ים וְהַיְלָדִ֖ים שָׂמֵ֑חוּ וַתִּשָּׁמַ֛ע שִׂמְחַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם מֵרָחֽוֹק׃

[Nehemiah 12:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.12.43/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NEH:402` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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